{"id":431,"date":"2022-02-20T12:11:55","date_gmt":"2022-02-20T11:11:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/?page_id=431"},"modified":"2024-08-28T20:29:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T18:29:46","slug":"sinclair-zx-spectrum-128-by-investronica","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/?page_id=431","title":{"rendered":"Sinclair ZX Spectrum 128 Espa\u00f1ol"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"431\" class=\"elementor elementor-431\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-93b738d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"93b738d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-23437db\" data-id=\"23437db\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-549e198 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"549e198\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e6479e1\" data-id=\"e6479e1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5be3554 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5be3554\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"920\" height=\"351\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/128-ESPANA-2-1024x391.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6292\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/128-ESPANA-2-1024x391.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/128-ESPANA-2-300x114.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/128-ESPANA-2-768x293.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/128-ESPANA-2-1536x586.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/128-ESPANA-2-2048x781.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 920px) 100vw, 920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1df2c2\" data-id=\"a1df2c2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f9a251 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f9a251\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Brand:&nbsp;<strong>Sinclair Research Ltd. \/ Investr\u00f3nica SA<\/strong><br>Model:&nbsp;<strong>ZX Spectrum 128<\/strong><br>Country of origin:&nbsp;<strong>Spain<br><\/strong>Manufacturer:&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>Sagitron<\/b> (Madrid)<br>Launch date: <b>September&nbsp;1985<\/b><br>Price: <strong>44.250 Pts<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Board design:&nbsp;<b>Martin Brennan, John Mathieson, Ben Cheese<\/b><br>Software: <b>Martin Brennan, Kevin Males<\/b><br>Case design: <b>Rick Dickinson<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">,&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Guillermo Capdevila<\/span>&nbsp;(heat sink, keypad)<\/p>\n<p>Dimensions:&nbsp;<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">343 \u00d7 152 \u00d7&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">41 mm<\/span><br>(feet adds 2 mm; keys adds 6&nbsp;mm)<br>Height with legs extended:&nbsp;<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">65 mm<\/span><br>Weight: <b>1208&nbsp;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">g<\/span> (keypad: 182 g)<br>Box dimensions: <b>375 \u00d7 292 \u00d7 138 mm<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Rom: <a href=\"https:\/\/speccy4ever.speccy.org\/rom\/128kes.rom\">available here (v 2)<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/speccy4ever.speccy.org\/rom\/128Kes21.rom\">and here (v 2.1)<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7efc74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a7efc74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the early 80&#8217;s, the Spanish government had mandated that all computers had to support the Spanish alphabet and show error messages in Spanish. Sinclair&#8217;s distributor Investr\u00f3nica began development to overcome these restrictions and also added some new features, such as a RS232\/Midi port, 3-channel sound chip and RGB-monitor output.<\/p><p><i>(Text continues below the gallery)<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dc4577 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"1dc4577\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-item{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;width:100%;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-item img{margin:0 auto}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-item .gallery-caption{margin:0}.elementor-image-gallery figure img{display:block}.elementor-image-gallery figure figcaption{width:100%}.gallery-spacing-custom 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href='https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_8_6.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_8_6-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_8_6-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_8_6-666x666.jpg 666w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_8_6-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"1dc4577\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Box and contents\" 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class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"1dc4577\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"The Spanish 128 editor splits statements into individual lines\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTUxOSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5zaW5jbGFpcmNvbGxlY3Rpb24uc2l0ZVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyMlwvMDJcLzIwXzEwX0RTQ182MjI5LTAxLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjFkYzQ1NzcifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_10_DSC_6229-01.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_10_DSC_6229-01-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_10_DSC_6229-01-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_10_DSC_6229-01-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"1dc4577\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Derby EPROM\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTUyMCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5zaW5jbGFpcmNvbGxlY3Rpb24uc2l0ZVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyMlwvMDJcLzIwXzExXzcuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMWRjNDU3NyJ9\" href='https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_11_7.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_11_7-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_11_7-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_11_7-666x666.jpg 666w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20_11_7-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"1dc4577\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Advertisement\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTE4OTQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC93d3cuc2luY2xhaXJjb2xsZWN0aW9uLnNpdGVcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA1XC83ODgyMzQ3MzhfZTZjMDlhMDA5M19oLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjFkYzQ1NzcifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/788234738_e6c09a0093_h.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/788234738_e6c09a0093_h-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/788234738_e6c09a0093_h-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/788234738_e6c09a0093_h-666x666.jpg 666w, https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/788234738_e6c09a0093_h-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26259a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26259a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In July of 1985, Spanish company Eurohard who had bought Dragon Computers a year earlier, managed to convince the Spanish government to pass a law taxing all imports of foreign computers&#8212;the \u201cImpuesto sobre Computadoras y Perif\u00e9ricos\u201d (ICP) or \u201cTax on Computers and Peripherals&#8221;. But under pressure of other computer manufacturers, a month later that law was changed to only apply the import tax to computers with 64 kB of memory or less.<\/p>\n<p>Thus Sinclair&#8217;s Spanish distributor Investr\u00f3nica started to develop a Spectrum with more than 64 kB of RAM: the ZX Spectrum 128 (code-name &#8220;Derby&#8221;). All development was done in Cambridge.<br>\nThe board was designed by Martin Brennan, John Mathieson and Ben Cheese. It was manufactured by Sagitron in Madrid.<br>\nThe &#8220;Editor ROM&#8221; or &#8220;ROM 0&#8221; was developed by Brennan (Basic editor and RS232 routines, taken from <a style=\"background-color: #c70101;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/?page_id=516\"><u>Interface 1<\/u><\/a>), Kevin Males (General Instruments AY-3-8912 sound chip and MIDI interface) and an unknown Spanish person. Their initials can be found at the beginning of the ROM: &#8220;MB KM AT&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>The Rick Dickinson designed case received an additional head sink designed by Chilean Guillermo Capdevila. Celluloid Dalsland AB of Sweden produced these. Membranes were made by Nameplates for Industry (NFI) of the Isle of Wight.<\/p>\n<p>The keypad was also designed by Capdevila. At one point it was considered adding a ball to enable it to be used as a mouse.<\/p>\n<p>The ROM is actually an EPROM and is handwritten labeled &#8220;Derby&#8221;. There is a full screen variable editor: EDIT&nbsp;<i>variable<\/i>$. Other new keywords are RENUM, DELETE, WIDTH, PLAY and SPECTRUM. The WIDTH command set the number of columns for RS232. However, the code is broken and was therefore not mentioned in the manual.<br>\nThe cursor doesn&#8217;t change shape between Lower case, Caps lock, Graphics mode or Extended mode as does the original <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/?page_id=7873\"><u>Spectrum<\/u><\/a>&nbsp;and its precursors, but its mode is indicated by a status bar. When entering an invalid program line, the cursor changes into an actual bug-shape. Program lines are wrapped at the colon character. Keywords can only be entered in Caps mode (MAYUSCULAS), to differentiate it from variables which could have the same name as reserved keywords.<\/p>\n<p>The <span style=\"text-decoration:overline\">CLK<\/span> connection on the edge connector is not actually connected to the CPU&#8217;s clock signal&#8212;this must be manually added if peripherals (such as the DivMMC) that use this signal are to be used.<\/p>\n<p>The composite signal on the DIN socket is monochrome, RF sound carrier is 5.5 MHz (PAL B\/G) which is incompatible with the UK (6 MHz, PAL I). The CPU clock speed = 3.54690 MHz.<\/p>\n<p>In January of 1986 Spain joined the European Union and the ICP tax would become a moot point. The ICP tax was eventually repealed in 1991.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brand:&nbsp;Sinclair Research Ltd. \/ Investr\u00f3nica SAModel:&nbsp;ZX Spectrum 128Country of origin:&nbsp;SpainManufacturer:&nbsp;&nbsp;Sagitron<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/?page_id=431\" class=\"readmore\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Sinclair ZX Spectrum 128 Espa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-431","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=431"}],"version-history":[{"count":177,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12475,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/431\/revisions\/12475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sinclaircollection.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}